The neuropsychologist typically should employ at least two, preferably three, of these tests when assessing a claim of brain injury. Many neuropsychologists choose to administer the MMPI-2. Once complete, they then attempt to argue that the numerous validity scales on the test serve to measure effort and symptom feigning, but that those scales are irrelevant to the question of functional impairment from brain injury. The validity scales on the MMPI-2 only measure the claimant’s response style when answering questions about psychopathology (i.e., mental illness). They are not designed to detect malingering of cognitive impairment.

If multiple administrations of the same neuropsychological tests have been performed, comparisons between the results of the administrations can be highly informative. Scores at the second administration should be as high, or higher, than those at the first administration. This method requires, however, that the same tests be used at both administrations.

Dr. Steven Carter, PsyD LP is CEO of Expert Advantage® (www.Expert—Advantage.com), which provides medical evidence analysis, independent examinations and testimony nationwide. He can be reached at 218.749.3107 or stevencarter@mchsi.com.